(103) Catholic Chaplains Who Received the Medal of Honor in Vietnam

      On this Veteran's Day let us acknowledge our veterans and the military who are on active duty particularly the military chaplains who are serving now or have served God and Country in every sense of the word.  I suggest that on this day or any day for that matter, that we thank veterans and those on active duty for serving.  Whether they were in combat or not, they all trained to be ready in case of any armed conflict and were aware of the possibility of being in harm's way.

        There is a great need for chaplains in the military.  With Catholic priests the situation is desperate.  Most of the military assigned to Iraq and Afghanistan can hear Mass only occasionally. Due to the acute shortage of priests stateside, Bishops are reluctant to give permission to enlist as chaplains.  Chaplains serve both God and Country in every sense of the word.

          Priests in the military say Mass, administer the sacraments, counsel, encourage, and contribute to the morale of the troops.   Usually a chaplain will visit the home of a fallen soldier to personally relay the news of a fallen husband or son.  Even those in the military, who are not religious, acknowledge their importance.  Yet there are secularists pushing for their elimination.

          When I spot a soldier or sailor in uniform anywhere, I like to tap him on the shoulder and thank him for serving.  On our way back from Phoenix, where we helped our son to move after accepting a teaching position at Ville de Marie Academy in Scottsdale, we changed flights in Atlanta.   There I ran into two soldiers, one of whom was a Baptist chaplain.  He noted that in Chaplains School, they studied about Chaplains who received the medal of honor.  I asked how many of them were Catholic, he answered matter of factly, "All of them", referring to the four who have received the medal of honor since 1940.......three served in Vietnam as shown below and Father Joseph T. O’Callahan, USNR served in World War II.  Throughout history, few chaplains have received the military's top award for valor.  The great majority are Catholic.  Two of them, Fr. Emil Kapaun (Korea - medal pending) and Fr. Vincent Cappodanno had unusual holiness and extraordinary virtue, so much so that the processes for their canonizations are advancing.  There is a statue of Fr. Capodanno in Staten Island.

       The article below was taken from http://www.patheos.com/blogs/yimcatholic/2011/01/because-these-catholic-chaplains-were-awarded-the-medal-of-honor.html

It describes the three Chaplains who served in Vietnam and received the Medal of Honor.

        The  following website gives a list of all Catholic chaplains who have made the ultimate sacrifice for our country as copied from the Catholic Chaplains Monument at the Arlington National Cemetery.  It also describes the Catholic chaplains in our history who have received the Medal of Honor:  http://www.rtcol.com/~oakland/memorials/padresmoh.html

      Another good site is www.homeofheroes.com  Simply google "Catholic Chaplains Medal of Honor" and you'll find many more sources and links. 

In commemoration of Veterans Day our Catholic Newman Club of the University of Rio Grande in southeastern Ohio, which I'm the adviser, we viewed and discussed an excellent FOCUS video with eye witness accounts on Fr. Vincent Capodanno, “The Grunt Padre” on the large screen of the Red Zone Video Theater.  .  A tough Catholic Marine Chaplain in Vietnam, Fr. Vincent led a saintly life, giving his life for his men.  You can obtain it at

.   http://shop.focustvonline.com/the-grunt-padre-in-vietnam/. 
   
While his battalion of 500 men was ambushed by a North Vietnamese force of 2,500 men, he gave the last rites to dying Catholics and comforted the others.  Fr. Capodanno crawled up to an immobilized medic, giving him comfort and shielding him from fire from a machine gun nest.  His body was then riddled with 17 bullets.  He is only one of only four chaplains (all Catholics) since World War I to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor, the military’s highest award for valor.  Most of the previous awarded were also Catholic.  It’s a fascinating story.   See my Blog #31 at http://paulrsebastianphd.blogspot.com/2011/11/31-c-fr-vincent-capodanno-mm-medal-of.html for greater detail and several links.  An excellent video can be seen by clicking on http://www.vincentcapodanno.org/.  You Tube has four videos on him, starting with http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7pgcXacm538.

During the discussion, our Newman Club chaplain, Fr. Thomas Hamm compared Fr. Capodanno to Christ, who laid down his life so that we may live.  Fr. Capodanno certainly exhibited extraordinary holiness and heroic virtue, both of which a canonized saint must have besides two proven miracles.  Fr. Vincent was declared a Servant of God in 2006, the first step.  Next comes beatification and finally canonization.

He then explained Church teaching on the just war.  To be just, a war must fulfill four conditions as stipulated in the current Catechism of the Catholic Church (n. 2309).  It defines the four conditions for determining the justice of a war as:

1. The damage inflicted by the aggressor on the nation or community of nations must be lasting, grave, and certain;
2. All other means of putting an end to it must have been shown to be impractical or ineffective;
3. There must be serious prospects of success;
4. The use of arms must not produce evils and disorders graver than the evil to be eliminated.

These are hard conditions to fulfill; the Church teaches that war should always be the last resort.

Because These Catholic Chaplains Were Awarded the Medal of Honor

This photograph is for all of you who get really persnickety about the altar, vestments, and such ancillary things like that. This is Major Charles Watters, U.S. Army, celebrating Mass out in the field for the troops. The altar is a couple of ammo boxes sitting on top of two water cans.  His heroism is described below.  Though there are no relics of saints embedded in this altar, what matters most, Our Lord and Savior, will be there with His men soon. I attended services just like this one, even when I wasn’t a Catholic. Because beggars can’t be choosers, see?

The beauty of the Mass isn’t skin deep. Even if the surroundings aren’t pleasant to the eye, God doesn’t see as man sees. And these Catholic Chaplains bring Our Lord out to His troops just as surely as King David would have been at the front leading his.

Donald R. McClarey over at American Catholic wrote a blog post recently about Catholic Chaplains as observed by Lewis B. “Chesty” Puller, a legendary Marine who is revered by all Marines. I enjoyed his post and shared it with our readers via our Facebook page. Last January, I ran across a book at a friend’s house about a Catholic chaplain who was awarded the Medal of Honor. Donald’s post prompted me to do a little digging into this interesting and surprising finding.

What follows are the citations of the three chaplains from the Vietnam War who received our nations highest award for gallantry in combat—the Medal of Honor. There are only three of them and all three of them are Catholics. One has a cause for beatification in process, and one lived to receive his award and it seems he renounced it (the only person known to have ever done so), left the priesthood, and married a former nun and is an anti-war activist.

All chaplains are special and provide a much needed service to the soldiers, airmen, sailors and Marines whom they serve. As a Marine, and a non-Catholic Christian while I served, I had a huge amount of respect for the Catholic chaplains. They just seemed more gung-ho to me. Here are stories of three of the best who ever served.

 Vincent R. Cappodano, Servant of God

Lieutenant, U.S. Navy, Chaplain Corps
3d Battalion, 5th Marines, 1st Marine Division (Rein)
Place and date:
Quang Tin Province, Republic of Vietnam, 4 September 1967
Killed in Action
Citation:
For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty as Chaplain of the 3d Battalion, in connection with operations against enemy forces. In response to reports that the 2d Platoon of M Company was in danger of being overrun by a massed enemy assaulting force, Lt. Capodanno left the relative safety of the company command post and ran through an open area raked with fire, directly to the beleaguered platoon. Disregarding the intense enemy small-arms, automatic-weapons, and mortar fire, he moved about the battlefield administering last rites to the dying and giving medical aid to the wounded. When an exploding mortar round inflicted painful multiple wounds to his arms and legs, and severed a portion of his right hand, he steadfastly refused all medical aid. Instead, he directed the corpsmen to help their wounded comrades and, with calm vigor, continued to move about the battlefield as he provided encouragement by voice and example to the valiant Marines. Upon encountering a wounded corpsman in the direct line of fire of an enemy machine gunner positioned approximately 15 yards away, Lt. Capodanno rushed in a daring attempt to aid and assist the mortally wounded corpsman. At that instant, only inches from his goal, he was struck down by a burst of machinegun fire. By his heroic conduct on the battlefield, and his inspiring example, Lt. Capodanno upheld the finest traditions of the U.S. Naval Service. He gallantly gave his life in the cause of freedom.  (Look at my Blog #31 November 2011 on him and the book on him by Fr. Daniel Mode, "The Grunt Padre".  It can be obtained from www.catholicfreeshipping.com/Products/cfs_grundpadre.html.  You can see a video on him at http://www.vincentcapodanno.org/ and www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-qbDzwOv9Y


Charles Joseph Watters

Major, U.S. Army, Chaplain Corps
Company A, 173d Support Bn, 173d Airborne Brigade
Place and Date:
Nov 19, 1967 – Hill 875, Dak To, Vietnam
Killed in Action

Citation:

For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. Chaplain Watters distinguished himself during an assault in the vicinity of Dak To. Chaplain Watters was moving with one of the companies when it engaged a heavily armed enemy battalion. As the battle raged and the casualties mounted, Chaplain Watters, with complete disregard for his safety, rushed forward to the line of contact. Unarmed and completely exposed, he moved among, as well as in front of the advancing troops, giving aid to the wounded, assisting in their evacuation, giving words of encouragement, and administering the last rites to the dying. When a wounded paratrooper was standing in shock in front of the assaulting forces, Chaplain Watters ran forward, picked the man up on his shoulders and carried him to safety. As the troopers battled to the first enemy entrenchment, Chaplain Watters ran through the intense enemy fire to the front of the entrenchment to aid a fallen comrade. A short time later, the paratroopers pulled back in preparation for a second assault. Chaplain Watters exposed himself to both friendly and enemy fire between the 2 forces in order to recover 2 wounded soldiers. Later, when the battalion was forced to pull back into a perimeter, Chaplain Watters noticed that several wounded soldiers were Lying outside the newly formed perimeter. Without hesitation and ignoring attempts to restrain him, Chaplain Watters left the perimeter three times in the face of small arms, automatic weapons, and mortar fire to carry and to assist the injured troopers to safety. Satisfied that all of the wounded were inside the perimeter, he began aiding the medics–applying field bandages to open wounds, obtaining and serving food and water, giving spiritual and mental strength and comfort. During his ministering, he moved out to the perimeter from position to position redistributing food and water, and tending to the needs of his men. Chaplain Watters was giving aid to the wounded when he himself was mortally wounded. Chaplain Watters’ unyielding perseverance and selfless devotion to his comrades was in keeping with the highest traditions of the U.S. Army.

 Charles James Angelo Liteky

Captain, US Army, Chaplain Corps
HHC, 199th Infantry Brigade (Separate) (Light)
Place and Date:
Dec. 06, 1967 – Phuoc-Lac, Bien Hoa Province, RVN
Presented At the White House by President Lyndon B. Johnson on November 19, 1968

Citation:

Chaplain Liteky distinguished himself by exceptional heroism while serving with Company A, 4th Battalion, 12th Infantry, 199th Light Infantry Brigade. He was participating in a search and destroy operation when Company A came under intense fire from a battalion size enemy force. Momentarily stunned from the immediate encounter that ensued, the men hugged the ground for cover. Observing 2 wounded men, Chaplain Liteky moved to within 15 meters of an enemy machinegun position to reach them, placing himself between the enemy and the wounded men. When there was a brief respite in the fighting, he managed to drag them to the relative safety of the landing zone. Inspired by his courageous actions, the company rallied and began placing a heavy volume of fire upon the enemy’s positions. In a magnificent display of courage and leadership, Chaplain Liteky began moving upright through the enemy fire, administering last rites to the dying and evacuating the wounded. Noticing another trapped and seriously wounded man, Chaplain Liteky crawled to his aid. Realizing that the wounded man was too heavy to carry, he rolled on his back, placed the man on his chest and through sheer determination and fortitude crawled back to the landing zone using his elbows and heels to push himself along. Pausing for breath momentarily, he returned to the action and came upon a man entangled in the dense, thorny underbrush. Once more intense enemy fire was directed at him, but Chaplain Liteky stood his ground and calmly broke the vines and carried the man to the landing zone for evacuation. On several occasions when the landing zone was under small arms and rocket fire, Chaplain Liteky stood up in the face of hostile fire and personally directed the medivac helicopters into and out of the area. With the wounded safely evacuated, Chaplain Liteky returned to the perimeter, constantly encouraging and inspiring the men. Upon the unit’s relief on the morning of 7 December 1967, it was discovered that despite painful wounds in the neck and foot, Chaplain Liteky had personally carried over 20 men to the landing zone for evacuation during the savage fighting. Through his indomitable inspiration and heroic actions, Chaplain Liteky saved the lives of a number of his comrades and enabled the company to repulse the enemy. Chaplain Liteky’s actions reflect great credit upon himself and were in keeping with the highest traditions of the U.S. Army.

         There is one other Catholic priest that was awarded the Medal of Honor while serving as a chaplain in World War II. His name is Father Joseph T. O’Callahan, USNR. And there have been many others who served and died serving the sheep of Our Lord’s flock. There is also cause for the beatification of Father Emil Kapaun, a chaplain who served during the Korean War. May the Lord bless them and keep them and have mercy on their souls.  See my blog #127 for more detail.

Semper Fidelis.

(102) The Choice in the National Debt Crisis: Sink or Swim Together

Published in the Gallipolis Sunday Times Sentinel December 30, 2012

http://www.mydailytribune.com/view/full_story/21265264/article-The-choice-in-the-national-debt-crisis--Sink-or-swim-together? 

The Crisis in Numbers. Our Country is headed towards a real cliff beyond the so called “fiscal cliff” that approaches on January 1 as automatic deep cuts in government spending and increased taxes kick in…… $500 billion in tax increases and $109 billion in defense and program cuts.  This would drag the whole economy down, unless an agreement is made before or shortly after that date.  A quick fix to avoid the fiscal cliff would not solve the problem because still looming would be unsustainable budget deficits and debt which has increased more than a trillion dollars ($1000 billion) per year or 51% in the last four years from $10.7 trillion to $16.2 trillion or about $150,000 per family.    ObamaCare, as now formulated, won’t help the deficit or the economy because of the expansion of Medicaid for the poor.  Under George W. Bush, it increased 88% from $5.7 trillion in his eight years.  So both parties are at fault.

This year’s budget deficit is about $1.1 trillion (1/3 of the total budget of $3.5 trillion which is a very high 22.4% of GDP (gross domestic product = total value of all goods & services produced in a year = total national income of $15.6 trillion).  The interest alone on the federal debt is $258 billion per year, making up 10.8% of federal revenues.  It will be much higher once interest rates go up again when the economy recovers and higher yet when increased government demand for loans starts to crowd out private sector demand for capital.  We owe 2/3 of the debt to American holders of treasury securities including the Federal Reserve Bank and 1/3 of it or $5.4 trillion to foreign creditors, especially Communist China ($1.2 trillion = 7.1%), Japan ($1.1 trillion = 6.8%), and the oil exporting countries ($262 billion = 1.6%). (www.debtclock.org, http://www.skymachines.com/US-National-Debt-Per-Capita-Percent-of-GDP-and-by-Presidental-Term.htm, and http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2011/jul/15/us-debt-how-big-who-owns.  Clearly,, this situation is unsustainable for more than a couple of years.

     

The Fed. We just can’t keep borrowing one third of the federal budget indefinitely.  It’s impossible!  Something has got to give.  Yes, the U.S. Treasury can borrow from the Federal Reserve Bank by selling it bonds (IOUs) in exchange for printing up more money so to speak (also IOUs – “Federal Reserve Note” is written on every dollar bill).  So the Federal Reserve Bank’s Balance Sheet has Treasury bonds (IOUs) as assets backing up our currency as liabilities (Federal Reserve Notes…….IOUs).  But more money chasing after the same amount of goods is a formula for eventual inflation, i.e., higher prices.  We’ve already done too much of that which increases the money supply……creating money out of nothing as the dollar bill buys less and less.

  

Ultimate Consequences. Sooner or later, the credit of the U.S. Government will disappear.  Already Standard & Poor downgraded the credit rating of the U.S. Treasury securities from its top AAA rating…….an ominous danger signal.  Our creditors will lend the Government less and less money and won’t renew their treasury securities that mature.   After all, they know that the dollar will go down in value because of increased inflation and it will be worth less and less on the international markets.  Can any family survive by rolling up credit card debt equal to a third of its income year after year, borrowing from one credit card to pay off the other?  Of course, the family has to cut back drastically and do without things they are accustomed to having.

At this rate we are headed toward financial collapse which would mean runaway inflation and an almost worthless dollar that will be brutal toward everyone with savings and fixed income through pensions and annuities.  It happened to Germany twice in its history.  To stabilize such an economy severe austerity measures (a big shock) would be necessary, leading to much higher taxes and deep cuts in government spending……much less in defense, government programs, entitlements and health care for the poor, etc., low investment, business bankruptcies, and a deep recession if not a depression with massive unemployment and perhaps social chaos.  Italy, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, and especially Greece are hurting.  Austerity programs in the latter, for example, have caused riots.

 

Urgent is a well thought out long range strategy.  The current fiscal cliff pales in comparison to the big cliff.  To avoid the latter, it is crucial that we formulate a long range strategy and have the discipline to carry it out year after year, such as gradually increasing austerity or a long series of mini-shocks so that the economy can adjust while forming an environment in which big and small business can grow and prosper, thus producing more jobs.  A quick fix band aid won’t cut it.  It only postpones the day of reckoning and kicks the can of worms down the road to the next generation…….many more fiscal cliffs until that becomes unsustainable and we face monetary collapse with hyperinflation and a worthless dollar.   Thus we’ll create bigger problems in the long run, much more difficult to solve…….perhaps a monster incapable of solution.

Cooperation and Sacrifice.  There’s no way that the people of the United States will ever be able to pay back the debt, but balancing the budget with a small surplus for the debt would stabilize the economy.  It’s a huge task in our entitlement society to balance the budget, let alone have money left over to pay off the debt.  To prevent our country from going over the precipice, the victors and the vanquished in this election must reach out to each other, compromise, and work together for the common good.  If the ship of state sinks, Democrats and Republicans, all of us will go down with it.

To prevent the worst everyone, conservatives and liberals, must work together wherever possible for the good of the Country.  As they should, liberals care about the poor, but expect Big Government to do it all.  Responsible conservatives also care about the poor, but through the churches & faith based charities, community organizations, state & local governments, individual and business social responsibility. 

There’s still time to right the ship.  Republicans and Democrats in Congress must stop the rigid gridlock and be objective & flexible.  To solve our debt problem, a lot of sacrifice will be required.  We’ll have to drastically cut spending and social programs.  There are agonizing choices as to where to make cuts…….damned if we do; damned if we don’t.  People with different interests will scream: “not my benefits; not my program; not my tax deductions (as for charitable donations); not my tax credits”.  There’s a limit to how much spending can be cut (i.e., discretionary spending); most is fixed (interest on the debt, Social Security, Medicare, pension payments, etc.).  So, let’s face it…….the T word. 

We’ll have to sacrifice and pay more taxes like Americans did before 2003.  In 1944 during World War II the top rate was extremely high at 94%, but taxes were reduced in subsequent years as in 1946 (top rate – 91%), 1965 (top rate – 70%), 1982 (top rate – 50%), 1987 (top rate – 38.5%), and 2003 (top rate – 35% as is today) (see http://taxfoundation.org/article/us-federal-individual-income-tax-rates-history-1913-2011-nominal-and-inflation-adjusted-brackets).  My brother John, formerly a vice-president of an investment banking firm in Chicago, claims that after each tax cut, tax collections actually increased because people did not resort to tax shelters as much.  Any tax increase should be tempered by tax credits for investment in new businesses that provide new jobs and initial public offerings of stock (IPOs) for new job creating enterprises.  Both sides must yield to compromise.

With cut government programs for the poor, we can’t leave the needy hanging out to dry.  We’ll have to do much more as individuals and businesses with our time, talent, and treasure.  We’ll have to give more of our time to the church and community in volunteer work.  We’ll have to be more generous in donating to charities.  Churches will have to do more.  Community organizations will have to do more.  Businesses will have to be more involved than ever with the community and give back more of their resources.  

         Private and public sector entities can sponsor paid or unpaid internships (a form of job training) for the unemployed to help them acquire a variety of job skills and build a resume.  “Give a man a fish and he eats only once; teach him how to fish and he eats for the rest of his life.” (Kuan Siu).  After all, the citizens of the community are the life blood, support, and sustenance of every business as employees, customers, lenders through their bank savings, and as investors.  Yes……it’s all about sacrifice for the common good…...all of us. 

We can alleviate the debt crisis if we as individuals and as a nation make sacrifices now.  The longer we wait, the worse it will get.  Austerity, when a financial collapse is imminent, would be much, much worse.

Pray for wisdom in solving this problem for the good of the Country and that these fears will not be realized.  We must right the ship of state before it goes over the falls.  He won; we lost, but we can help him to become a successful president for the common good of the country.  It’s not important who gets the credit.